| Certification: | ISO |
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| Shape: | Arc |
| Purification Method: | Electromigration |
| Preparation Method: | Metallothermic Reductio |
| Application: | Catalyst Masses, Energy Materials, Photoelectric Material, Photorecording Material, Medicine, Astronavigation |
| Product Type: | Rare Earth Magnet |
| Samples: |
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| Customization: |
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Product name: spherical titanium powder, titanium powder
| Product name: Spherical titanium powder | Specifications: * | ||
| Chemical composition: | Particle size: 15-45μm, 25-53um | ||
| O | 0.15% | D10 | 28.88 |
| H | 0.012% | D50 | 41.09 |
| N | 0.009% | D90 | 50.61 |
| Ti | Balance | * | * |
Titanium powder, titanium hydride powder: purity :95-99.4% and other specifications: titanium powder: the product is silver gray irregular powder, has a large suction capacity, high temperature or electric spark conditions flammable.
Content of chemical elements in titanium powder
Ti Fe Si O C N Cl H Al V Ti-1 99.4 0.08 0.02 0.35 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.02 Ti-2 99.2 0.10 0.03 0.50 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.02 Ti-3 99.0 0.15 0.05 0.60 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.04 Ti-4 98.0 0.35 0.17 0.80 0.08 0.10 0.17 0.15 Ti-5 95.0 0.45 0.17 0.90 0.09 0.080 0.17 0.20 1.60 1.88
Fold edit this section titanium hydride powder chemical element content
Ti Fe Si O C N Cl Al V TiH2-1 99.4 0.08 0.02 0.40 0.02 0.03 0.06 TiH2-2 98.0 0.35 0.15 0.80 0.10 0.10 0.17 TiH2-3 95.0 0.45 0.17 0.90 0.09 0.08 0.17 1.60 1.88
Physical properties of folding
Among the metallic elements, titanium has a high specific strength. It is a high strength but low quality metal and is quite malleable (especially in the absence of oxygen). The surface of titanium is silver - white metallic luster. It has a fairly high melting point (over 1,649 degrees Celsius), making it a good refractory metal. It is paramagnetic and has very low electrical and thermal conductivity.
Commercial grade titanium (99.2% purity) has a limit tensile strength of approximately 434 mega PASCAL, comparable to lower grade steel alloys, but 45% lighter. Titanium is 60% denser than aluminum, but twice as strong as the common 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. Titanium can be used for a variety of purposes. Some titanium alloys, such as βC, have tensile strength of 1,400 megapascals. However, titanium loses strength when heated to more than 430 degrees Celsius.
Although not as hard as high - grade heat - treated steel, titanium still has considerable hardness. Titanium is not magnetic, and is a poor thermal and electrical conductor. Care should be taken when handling the titanium mechanically, as it will soften and leave indentations if sharp instruments and proper cooling are not used. Titanium structures, like steel structures, have a fatigue limit, so they can be durable in some applications. The specific stiffness of titanium alloy is generally not as good as that of aluminum alloy and carbon fiber and other materials, so it is less used in structures requiring high stiffness.
Titanium has two allotropes, and at 882 degrees Celsius, it transforms from the hexagonal, most densely packed alpha into the body-centered cubic beta. Before reaching the critical temperature, the specific heat of the α type will increase with the rise of temperature, but will decrease after reaching the critical temperature, and then keep basically constant under the β type regardless of temperature. Like zirconium and hafnium, titanium has an ω state that is thermodynamically stable at high pressures, but may also exist in a mesostable state at atmospheric pressures. This state is usually hexagonal (ideal) or triangular (twisted) and can be observed when soft p-wave acoustic photons cause the collapse of the β-type (111) atomic plane.
Chemical properties of folding
One of titanium's most acclaimed properties is its excellent corrosion resistance -- almost as good as platinum's. Titanium is impermeable to dilute sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, chlorine gas, chlorine solutions, and most organic acids, but it is still soluble in concentrated acids. Although the following potentio-pH diagram indicates that titanium is a thermodynamically active metal, it reacts very slowly with water and air.
When exposed to hot air, titanium forms a protective film of blunt oxide, preventing oxidation from continuing. When first formed, the protective layer is only one to two nanometers thick, but slowly and continuously thickens; It can be 25 nanometers thick in four years. But when titanium is placed in hot air, it reacts easily with oxygen.
The reaction takes place at temperatures up to 1200 degrees Celsius in the air, and as low as 610 degrees Celsius in pure oxygen, producing titanium dioxide. You can't melt titanium in air because it burns up before it reaches its melting point, so it can only be melted in an inert gas or in a vacuum. At 550 degrees Celsius, titanium bonds with chlorine gas. Titanium also combines with other halogens and absorbs hydrogen.
Titanium is also one of the few elements that will burn in pure nitrogen, at 800 degrees Celsius, forming titanium nitride and leading to embrittlement.
The results show that deuteron bombards of natural titanium are radioactive, mainly releasing positrons and hard gamma rays. Titanium potential in pure water, perchloric acid, or sodium hydroxide -
The preparation of
Titanium (concentrate)
The treatment of titanium metal is mainly divided into four steps: first, the reduction of titanium ore into "sponge "(a breathable form); 2. To make ingots by melting the spongy body (or using the spongy body plus a parent alloy) to form ingots; 3. Preliminary manufacturing, the ingot into general mechanical products, such as billet, rod, plate, sheet, strip and pipe; Four, processing and manufacturing, the mechanical products further processing molding.
Because of its reaction with oxygen at high temperatures, titanium cannot be extracted from oxides by a reduction reaction. Commercial titanium is therefore extracted using the Crol process, a complex and expensive batch process. (The market price of titanium is relatively high because the refining process requires the oxidation of another expensive metal, magnesium.) In the Kroller process, the oxide is first chlorinated to chloride, which in the presence of carbon produces titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) through red-hot rutile or ilmenite. After concentration and purification by fractional distillation, the chloride is reduced to titanium by molten magnesium in argon at 800 degrees Celsius.
A recently developed refining method, the FFC Cambridge method, may one day replace the Kroll method entirely. The raw material is powdered titanium dioxide, a refined rutile, and the finished product is either titanium powder or sponge. If a powdered oxide is added to the powder of the raw material, the result is a cheap titanium alloy, which is much cheaper than using the conventional multi-step melting process. The FFC Cambridge process makes titanium less rare and expensive than it used to be, providing more options for the aerospace industry and the luxury market, as well as replacing aluminum or special grade steel in some products.
Ordinary titanium alloys are made by reduction reactions. For example, copper titanium alloy (reduction of rutile with copper added), carbon titanium alloy (reduction of ilmenite and coke by electric furnace), and manganese titanium alloy (rutile with manganese or manganese oxide) are all reduced.
2FeTiO3+ 7Cl2+ 6C-→ 2TiCl4+ 2FeCl3+ 6CO
TiCl4+ 2Mg-→ 2MgCl2+ Ti
There are about 50 designated grades of titanium and titanium alloys, although only half a dozen are readily available on the market. The American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) recognizes 31 grades of titanium metals and alloys, grades 1 to 4 of which are commercially pure titanium (non-alloy). The four grades are distinguished by their different tensile strength, or percentage oxygen content, with grade 1 having the best toughness (low tensile strength, 0.18% oxygen content) and grade 4 having the worst toughness (high tensile strength, 0.40% oxygen content). The remaining grades are alloys, each of which has a specific purpose, such as toughness, strength, hardness, resistance, creep resistance, and resistance to corrosion (certain media or a combination of them).
Astm grade and other alloys are also produced to various specifications, such as aerospace and military specifications (SAE-AMS, MIL-T), ISO standards, country-specific standards, and customer specifications (aerospace, military, medical, and industrial).
As for processing, all welding of titanium must be done in one of the inert gases of argon or helium, otherwise the titanium will be contaminated by gases such as oxygen, nitrogen or hydrogen in the air. Contamination can cause a variety of conditions, including embrittlement, which can reduce post-weld integrity and lead to joint failure. Flat products (sheets, plates) of commercial pure titanium are easy to make, but must be handled with care that titanium metal has "memory" properties and a tendency to bounce back to its original shape. This is especially true of several high-strength alloys. Titanium can generally be treated with the same machines and methods as stainless steel.
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Cylinder of titanium, quality "Grade 2"
Titanium is an alloy element of steel (ferrotitanium), titanium will reduce the grain size of steel, and as a deoxidizer titanium will reduce the oxygen content of steel; Adding titanium to stainless steel will reduce the carbon content. Titanium is often alloyed with other metals, such as aluminum (improved grain size), vanadium, copper (hardened), magnesium, and molybdenum. Mechanical products of titanium (sheets, plates, tubes, wires, forgings, castings) are used in industrial, aerospace, leisure and emerging markets. Titanium powder is used in pyrotechnics to provide bright burning particles.
Folding pigments, additives and coatings
Titanium dioxide is the most commonly used titanium compound
About 95 percent of the titanium ore mined from the Earth's surface is refined into titanium dioxide (TiO2), an ultra-white, long-lasting pigment used to make paints, paper, toothpaste and plastics. Titanium dioxide is also used in cement, gemstones, paper shading agent and graphite composite fishing rod, golf club strengthener.
In powder form, TiO2 is chemically inert, does not fade in sunlight, and is very opaque to light: these properties allow it to give the gray or brown chemicals used to make household plastics a gorgeous pure white color. Naturally, titanium dioxide is a compound found in several minerals, anatase, titanite, and rutile. Coatings made from titanium dioxide can withstand high temperatures, slightly prevent the accumulation of dust, and withstand the effects of the Marine environment. Pure titanium dioxide has a very high refractive index and is more optically dispersive than diamond. In addition to being a very important pigment, titanium dioxide is also used in suntan oil because it itself protects the skin.
More recently, it has been used in air purifiers (filter coatings) and in films attached to Windows in buildings that, when exposed to ultraviolet light (solar or artificial) or moisture in the air, produce highly reactive REDOX species, such as hydroxyl, that purify the air or keep window surfaces clean.
Folding space navigation and navigation
Due to its high tensile strength-density ratio, excellent corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, crack resistance and ability to withstand moderate high temperatures without creep, titanium alloys are used in aircraft, armor plating, naval ships, spacecraft and missiles. In these applications, alloys of titanium with aluminum, vanadium and other elements are used to make a variety of components, including critical architectural components, firewalls, landing gear, exhaust pipes (for helicopters) and hydraulic systems. In fact, about two-thirds of titanium production is used to make spacecraft engines and frames. The SR-71 Blackbird was the first airframe to make extensive use of titanium in its architecture, paving the way for titanium applications in modern military and commercial airframes. It is estimated that 59 tonnes of titanium are used to make a Boeing 777, 44 tonnes for a Boeing 747, 18 tonnes for a Boeing 737, 32 tonnes for an Airbus A340, 18 tonnes for an Airbus A330 and 12 tonnes for an Airbus A320. The Airbus A380 will probably use 146 tonnes, of which the engine will need 26 tonnes. In engine applications, titanium is used in rotors, compressor blades, hydraulic system components and nacelles. Titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium accounts for almost 50% of the titanium alloys used in aviation.
Because it is not easily corroded by seawater, titanium is used in the manufacture of propeller shafts, rigging and heat exchangers for desalination plants. It is also used for cold water heaters in saltwater aquariums, fishing lines and diving knives. Titanium is used in the manufacture of housing and other components for Marine surveillance deployments, as well as for scientific and military surveillance instruments. The Soviet Union developed the technology to make submarines mostly out of titanium.
Folding consumer goods and building materials
Titanium is used in automobiles, especially racing cars (cars or motorcycles), where it is extremely important to reduce weight without losing strength and stiffness. In general, titanium is too expensive for the general consumer market to sell, so its main market is high-end products, especially the competition/high performance market. The latest Corvette sports car has an optional titanium exhaust system.
Titanium siding on the exterior walls of the Guggenheim Gallery in Bilbao, Spain
Titanium is used in a variety of sporting goods: tennis rackets, golf clubs, bag clubs and bat handles; Helmet guards for cricket, hockey, hockey and American football; And the skeleton and components of the bicycle. Although titanium is not a mainstream material in bicycle production, it is still used by athletes and cycling adventure enthusiasts. Titanium is also used to make glasses frames, which can be a bit expensive, but are lightweight and durable without causing skin irritation. Many backpackers have titanium gear, including cooking utensils, cutlery, lanterns and tent posts. Although slightly more expensive than their traditional steel or aluminum counterparts, these titanium products are much lighter but still as strong. Farriers also prefer titanium because it is lighter and more durable than steel.
Titanium sporks for backpackers weigh about 16 grams, lighter than steel cutlery but stronger than glue.
Because of its durability, titanium designer jewelry (especially titanium rings) began to become common. Titanium's inertness is a reason to choose it, especially for people who have skin sensitivities or wear jewelry in certain environments, such as swimming pools. Titanium's durability, light weight, concave resistance and corrosion resistance make it an ideal material for watch casings. Some artists use titanium to make works of art, such as sculptures, decorations and furniture.
Titanium has occasionally been used in architectural applications: the 40-meter-high Gagarin Column in Moscow, dedicated to the first astronaut Yuri Gagarin, is made of titanium, chosen for its attractive color and its association with rocketry. The Bilbao Guggenheim Museum in Spain and the Millennium Library in Cerritos were the first buildings in Europe and North America to use titanium siding, respectively. Other buildings with titanium siding include the Hamilton Building at the Denver Art Museum in Colorado and the 107-meter-high Monument to the Conquest of Space in Moscow.
Because of its lower strength and higher quality than the metals traditionally used in firearms (steel, stainless steel, and aluminum), and because of the development in metal manufacturing, it became common to use titanium for firearms. Main uses include pistol stands and revolvers. For the same reason, titanium is used in the main body of a laptop (such as Apple's PowerBook series).
Some high-priced tools that are lightweight and corrosion-resistant, such as shovels and flashlights, are also made of titanium.
Medicine of folding
Small titanium plates and screws are used to hold the broken bone in the eye frame.
Due to its biocompatibility (non-toxic and not rejected by the body), titanium has a wide range of medical applications, including surgical devices and implants, such as replacement of the hip frame and ball joint, for up to 20 years. Titanium for this purpose is generally alloyed with 4% aluminum or 6% aluminum and 4% vanadium.
Titanium has an inherent bone fusion property that allows dental implants made of titanium to stay in place for up to 30 years. This property is also useful for plastic implants. Another advantage of using titanium is that it has a lower elastic modulus (Young's modulus), which is closer to bone, and implants are designed to repair bone. As a result, the bone load is distributed more evenly between the bone and the implant, which reduces the chance of bone loss because of stress occlusion (bone loss due to reduced bone stress due to the implant) and periprosthetic fractures between the surgical implant and the bone. However, titanium is still twice as rigid as bone, so the strain on the bone surrounding the implant is still significantly reduced and may degrade as a result.
Since titanium is not ferromagnetic, patients with titanium implants can safely undergo MRI (which is convenient for those with long-term implants). Titanium prepared for implantation is heated by a plasma arc, which removes surface atoms and oxidizes the newly exposed surface.
Titanium is made into surgical instruments for image-guided surgery, as well as wheelchairs, T-crutches and other products requiring high strength and low weight.
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Nettle contains up to 80 parts per million of titanium.
Titanium is not toxic, even in large doses, and does not have any natural effects in the human body. It is estimated that people ingest about 0.8 mg of titanium per day, but most of it passes unabsorbed. However, tissues containing silica soils tend to bioaccumulate titanium. In plants, an unknown mechanism may use titanium to stimulate carbohydrate production and promote growth. This may explain why titanium content in most plants is about 1 parts per million (ppm), but in food plants it is about 2ppm, and in wood thieves and nettle plants it can reach up to 80ppm.
Powdered titanium and shaved titanium flakes can easily cause fires and explode when heated in the air. Water and carbon dioxide fire extinguishing methods are ineffective to titanium in combustion. Class D dry powder extinguishing agent must be used instead.
When producing or handling chlorine, care must be taken that titanium should only be used where there is no dry chlorine gas around, otherwise it can cause a titanium/chlorine fire. Even wet chlorine is a fire hazard because it can unexpectedly dry out in unusual weather conditions.
The new, unoxidized surface of titanium may catch fire when it comes into contact with liquid oxygen. The surface may be formed by the collision of the oxidized titanium surface with a hard object, or within the fracture caused by mechanical strain. There are therefore likely to be limits to the use of titanium in liquid oxygen systems, such as those in the aerospace industry
Titanium powder application
Used in aerospace, spraying, metallurgy, fireworks and other industries
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